Solutions to common Windows networking and hardware problems
Nothing will stall your workday faster than a dropped network connection or recalcitrant peripheral. There’s a good chance that just a few tweaked Windows settings will get you rolling again. With some luck, the tools built into the OS will be all the help you need. And if Windows’ diagnostic tools come up short, there are some other resources at your troubleshooting disposal.
Diagnose network disconnections in Vista and XP
One of Vista’s most useful new tools is the revamped Network Diagnostics utility. When a Web page won’t load in Internet Explorer, you may be prompted to run the utility by clicking Tools > Diagnose Connection Problems. You can also open the program by clicking the network icon in the system tray, choosing Network and Sharing Center, and clicking Diagnose and Repair in the left pane.
Some problems the program will fix automatically, but it may also display instructions for correcting the glitch manually, or it might simply point to Vista’s Help and Support file. The tool can’t diagnose problems outside of the local PC, such as your ISP’s servers being down, but it helps you determine whether the source is in your system or something else.
XP’s Network Diagnostics tool lacks the troubleshooting chops of its Vista counterpart, but it can help you pinpoint the location of the failure. To run it from Internet Explorer, click Tools > Diagnose Connection Problems. To open it without IE, click Start > Run, type %windir%\network diagnostic\xpnetdiag.exe, and press Enter.
If everything checks out with your PC’s network settings, ping your ISP’s servers to make sure the connection is working. Click Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt, type ping cnet.com (or any domain name), and press Enter. If your network link is working, you’ll see four lines of replies, followed by a list of ping statistics. A failed ping test indicates a lost connection to your ISP. Before you get on the horn to your ISP, try turning off your router and then turning it back on again. This is sometimes sufficient to reset the device. If that doesn’t reestablish your network link, it’s time to get on the phone to the company’s support line. (To get a more detailed look of the path packets take from your PC to a Web site, type tracert, the domain name, and press Enter to see a list of all the stops the packets make along the way to their destination.) When you’re done, type exit and press Enter to close the Command Prompt window.

Ping a Web site from Windows’ Command Prompt to determine whether the link to your ISP is working. Read more »
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